Researchers at the National University of Science and Technology “MISIS” (NUST MISIS) have distinguished a new mechanism for evacuating magnetic nanoparticles through the kidneys, which will make increasingly effective and safe medications.
The results of the study are published in the Journal of Controlled Release (“Intravital microscopy reveals a novel mechanism of nanoparticles excretion in the kidney”).
The improvement of nanoparticles for carrying drugs, which can accumulate in the target organs and are securely metabolized remains a major scientific issue. The distribution and metabolism of nanoparticles are determined by numerous factors, specifically, their size, composition, surface charge, and coating.
“The combination of such methods as atomic emission spectroscopy, fluorescence microscopy, and magnetic resonance imaging revealed the rapid accumulation of magnetic nanoparticles in the kidneys. Moreover, intravital microscopy made it possible to track in real-time the transportation of nanoparticles from the blood into the renal clearance within an hour after administration. Two hours later, with the help of transmission electron microscopy the magnetic nanoparticles were detected in the urine of animals,” said one of the study authors, Maxim Abakumov, head of Laboratory of Biomedical Nanomaterials at NUST MISIS.
The outcomes propose that it is conceivable to move nanoparticles through the endothelial barrier, not into the glomerular filter of the kidney, yet straightforwardly into the renal tubule.
The study has demonstrated the fundamental possibility of making magnetic nanoparticles that will be discharged through the kidneys, diminishing the total dose and side effects, and not collect in the liver for several weeks until being totally dissolved. Researchers intend to assess the most ideal surface design and structure of magnetic nanoparticles to expand the proficiency of discharge by the kidneys.
